Sunday, August 31, 2014
Power Saver Circuit Saving electricity
Do you know how to work his usual power saving devices in the market is shaped like a dry battery with a plug into an outlet?. Actually you can create your own tool with much better quality with much cheaper price.
Because of the way it works is to reduce the magnitude from cosine curve AC current that will be read on the gauge kilometer. Device work if there is air conditioning load passes through a coil of wire sensors to measure the AC current which is being passed.
Because of the way it works is to reduce the magnitude from cosine curve AC current that will be read on the gauge kilometer. Device work if there is air conditioning load passes through a coil of wire sensors to measure the AC current which is being passed.
| Power Saver Circuit |
A very influential component in the AC circuit is a capacitor and inductor. Therefore we need to filter the AC current before it enters our home electricity network. Obviously we did not perform the act of theft of electricity, and this tool will not be detected by the device are as follows . How to installation, Here I would include a scheme of the circuit which will be installed close to the mile. The closer, the more optimal the way it works, use good quality capacitors, for security MCB here, serves to prevent the occurrence of shorting out due to damage to the capacitor. Then Enter in box or plastic box which is strong enough. Better capacitor in the cast by GIPs or cement, so that power is wasted heat well.
Saturday, August 30, 2014
Constructing your own Dual Power Supply Rise
Many times the hobbyist desires to have a simple, dual power supply for a project. Existing power supplies may be large either in power output or physical size. a simple Dual Power Supply is necessary.For most non-critical applications the best & simplest choice for a voltage regulator is the 3-terminal type.The three terminals are input, ground & output.
The 78xx & 79xx series can provide up to 1A load current & it have on chip schemary to prevent damage in the event of over heating or excessive current. That is, the chip basically shuts down than blowing out. These regulators are cheap, simple to make use of, & they make it practical to design a method with plenty of P C Bs in which an unregulated supply is brought in & regulation is done locally on each schema board.
This Dual Power Supply project provides a dual power supply. With the appropriate choice of transformer & 3-terminal voltage regulator pairs you can basically build a tiny power supply delivering up to amp at +/- 5V, +/- 9V, +/- 12V, +/-15V or +/-18V. You require to provide the middle tapped transformer and the 3-terminal pair of regulators you require:7805 & 7905, 7809 & 7909, 7812 & 7912, 7815 & 7915or 7818 & 7918.
The user must pick the pair they needs for his particular application.
Note that the + & - regulators do not must be matched: you can for example, use a +5v & -9V pair. However,the positive regulator must be a 78xx regulator, & the negative a 79xx. They have built in plenty of safety in to this project so it ought to give plenty of years of continuous service.
Note that the + & - regulators do not must be matched: you can for example, use a +5v & -9V pair. However,the positive regulator must be a 78xx regulator, & the negative a 79xx. They have built in plenty of safety in to this project so it ought to give plenty of years of continuous service.
Transformer
This Dual Power Supply design makes use of a full wave bridge rectifier coupled with a centre-tapped transformer. A transformer with a power output rated at at least 7VA ought to be used. The 7VA rating means that the maximum current which can be delivered without overheating will be around 390mA for the 9V+9V tap; 290mA for the 12V+12V and 230mA for the 15V+15V. If the transformer is rated by output RMS-current then the worth ought to be divided by one.2 to get the current which can be supplied. For example, in this case a 1A RMS can deliver 1/(one.2) or 830mA.
This Dual Power Supply design makes use of a full wave bridge rectifier coupled with a centre-tapped transformer. A transformer with a power output rated at at least 7VA ought to be used. The 7VA rating means that the maximum current which can be delivered without overheating will be around 390mA for the 9V+9V tap; 290mA for the 12V+12V and 230mA for the 15V+15V. If the transformer is rated by output RMS-current then the worth ought to be divided by one.2 to get the current which can be supplied. For example, in this case a 1A RMS can deliver 1/(one.2) or 830mA.
Rectifier
They use an epoxy-packaged four amp bridge rectifier with at least a peak reverse voltage of 200V. (Note the part numbers of bridge rectifiers are not standardised so the number are different from different manufacturers.) For safety the diode voltage rating ought to be at least to times that of the transformers secondary voltage. The current rating of the diodes ought to be two times the maximum load current that will be drawn.
Filter Capacitor
The purpose of the filter capacitor is to smooth out the ripple in the rectified AC voltage. Theres dual amount of ripple is determined by the worth of the filer capacitor: the larger the worth the smaller the ripple.The two,200uF is an appropriate value for all the voltages generated using this project. The other consideration in choosing the correct capacitor is its voltage rating. The working voltage of the capacitor has to be greater than the peak output voltage of the rectifier. For an 18V supply the peak output voltage is one.4 x 18V, or 25V. So they have selected a 35V rated capacitor.
The purpose of the filter capacitor is to smooth out the ripple in the rectified AC voltage. Theres dual amount of ripple is determined by the worth of the filer capacitor: the larger the worth the smaller the ripple.The two,200uF is an appropriate value for all the voltages generated using this project. The other consideration in choosing the correct capacitor is its voltage rating. The working voltage of the capacitor has to be greater than the peak output voltage of the rectifier. For an 18V supply the peak output voltage is one.4 x 18V, or 25V. So they have selected a 35V rated capacitor.
Regulators
The unregulated input voltage must always be higher than the regulators output voltage by at least 3V in order for it to work. If the input/output voltage difference is greater than 3V then the excess potential must be dissipated as heat. Without a heat sink three terminal regulators can dissipate about two watts. A simple calculation of the voltage differential times the current drawn will give the watts to be dissipated. Over two watts a heat sink must be provided. If not then the regulator will automatically turn off if the internal temperature reaches 150oC. For safety it is always best to make use of a small heat sink even in case you do not think you will need.
Stability
C4 & C5 improve the regulators ability to react to sudden changes in load current & to prevent uncontrolled oscillations.
Decoupling
The mono block capacitor C2 & C6 across the output provides high frequency decoupling which keep the impedance low at high frequencies.
LED
Two LEDs are provided to show when the output regulated power is online. You do not must make use of the LEDs in the event you do not require to. However, the LED on the negative side of the schema does provide a maximum load to the 79xx regulator which they found necessary in the coursework of testing. The negative 3-pin regulators did not like a zero load situation. They have provided a 470R/0.5W resistors as the current limiting resistors for the LEDs.
Diode Protection
These protect chiefly against any back emf which may come back in to the power supply when it supplies power to inductive lots. They also provide additional short schema protection in the case that the positive output is connected by accident to the negative output. If this happened the usual current limiting shutdown in each regulator may not work as intended. The diodes will short schema in this case & protect the two regulators.
Dual Power Supply Schematic Diagram
Friday, August 29, 2014
Low Pass Filter Wiring diagram Schematic
Simple and Fast Response Settling Low-Pass Filter. By introducing an extra transmission zero to the stopband of a low-pass filter, a sharp roll-off characteristic can be obtained. The filter design example of Fig. 30-l(a) shows that the time-domain performance of the low-pass section can also be improved. Figure 30-1 (b) shows the attenuation characteristic of the proposed schema. Position of the transmission zero is determined by the passive components around the first op amp.
It was chosen to obtain 60 dB of rejection at 60 Hz. A suitable fourth-order Bessel filter has the frequency response, as shown by the dashed line. Its response to a step input is characterized by settling time to 0.1 % of 1.8 -f Fc = 180 ms. Figure 30-l(c) and 30-l(d) represent the step response for the filter of Fig. 30-l(a) in both normal and expanded voltage scales. As you can see, settling time to 0.1% is below 100 ms; overshoot and ringing, stay below 0.03%.
Low Pass Filter Circuit Diagram
This quite significant speed and accuracy improvement can be a major factor, particularly for low-frequency applications. Averaging filter for low-frequency linear or true rms ac-to-dc converters is an example. Some anti-aliasing applications can also be considered. For best results, resistance ratios R4-rR5 = 20, Re + R$=1A, and capacitance ratios C3 + C2 = C3 -f C4 = 4.7 should be kept up for any selected Fc.
Thursday, August 28, 2014
Blinking LEDs
Listening to music on my pc (proudly using WINAMP), I was wondering how would be to have some leds blinking with the sound that came out from the P2 connector, so I decided to make a simple schema to do that. It worked pretty fine, so I decided to write a HowTo telling step-by-step how to do it. Hope you enjoy it!
Material and Equipment:
- 4 LEDs (any collor)
- P2 plug
- 2 position switch
- TIP31 component
- Box to put all the stuff (if you want)
- Soldering iron and accessories
- Cable
This project will work this way, you connect 4 leds in the +12V from your computer, they are soldered to a 2 position switch that will connect to a component called TIP31, this component gets the intensity transmitted by the P2 connector, and with that, makes the leds blink with the music.
You can follow this scheme (there are 3 different ones, hope you understand it).
For this project, I decided to install everything inside a small black box I had here, so I made 6 holes on it. Four in the top for leds and one in each side for the switcher and cables. You can follow by the pictures:
With the box ready, its time to connect everything. I started with the leds, soldering one small cable connecting each one, so would be easier to arrange them inside the box after.
After connecting all leds, you must connect the cable coming from the leds to the center pin of the switcher. One side of the switcher goes to the middle pin of the Tip31 component, and the other one goes to ground cable.
Now it’s time to make the P2 connector. You can see that the P2 connector have 3 pins, they are, left channel, right channel and ground. So you have to decide to get the left or right channel and connect with the left pin from the Tip31. Remember that if you connect the P2 using the left channel, if only the right is enabled on the computer, this schema won’t work. Usually the ground pin is the bigger one, and the other are small and similar. You have to connect the ground from P2 connector to the right pin of the Tip31 (right pin from Tip31 is ground)
On the other pin from the switcher, you must connect to the ground from Tip31. If the switcher if closing schema with the Tip31, the leds will only blink if there is any signal coming from the P2 connector, and if it’s in the other direction, the leds will be always ON.
Now it’s time to put everything together in the box, as you can see in this picture, it’s not very organized, but after closing the box, it’ll look much better.
Job is done!!
Wednesday, August 27, 2014
Offline Switching Power Supply Circuit 5V 10A 50W
Here the schematic diagram of offline switching power supply:
Circuit Diagram:
Parts List:
This switching power supply is using a MOSFET. For 220V AC voltage input, use BUZ80A/IXTP4N8 MOSFET and for 110V AC input voltage, use GE IRF823 MOSFET. The output will be 5 Volt DC with electric current can be reach 10A.
Read More..
Circuit Diagram:
Parts List:
This switching power supply is using a MOSFET. For 220V AC voltage input, use BUZ80A/IXTP4N8 MOSFET and for 110V AC input voltage, use GE IRF823 MOSFET. The output will be 5 Volt DC with electric current can be reach 10A.
Lit Motors Unveils Self Balancing Electric Vehicle C 1
Introducing the C-1, the world’s first gyroscopically-stabilized “rolling smart phone”. This vehicle combines the efficiency and freedom of a motorcycle with the safety and convenience of a car. Offering the “alternative to alternatives” on an exciting and safe platform, the C-1 transforms your daily commute into something to look forward to. Influenced by Scandinavian design, the exterior of the C-1 is both approachable and simple, enveloping the human in subtle curves, softened volumes, and lots of glass.
The overall design foundation is based on its waist line, which wraps around the vehicle’s circumference, and is grounded by the swooping rocker panel, highlighting its unique gyroscopic components. Discs of light glow from the wheel hubs, illustrating the electric hub motors. With design key words: “subtle”, “simple”, and “human”, the C-1 is as happy to be seen as it is to be touched.
The C-1 was designed with you in mind. Lit Motors’ human-centered approach to design makes sure that the experience of sitting in such a unique transportation device is both comfortable and spacious. Through numerous mock-ups and user studies, we determined how much space people want and need. There is even enough room in this device for a friend to ride in the back for short city excursions.
Using electronically-controlled gyroscopes located under the floor – generating over 1,300 ft.-lb. of torque – the C-1 balances at a stop and stays upright, even in a collision. In-hub, direct-drive electric motors (20 kW) provide power and regeneration, while center-hub steering keeps you pointed in the right direction. With a top speed of 100+ MPH and battery packs providing up to 200 miles per charge, the C-1 is perfect for commuters and city dwellers alike. As we are hard at work developing this concept for production, please be patient for the future. Expect to see the C-1 in showrooms by the end of 2014.
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